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Latest Questions and Answers

J Reeves asks in regards to Telephone Issues:
We are a call centre in Moncton, New Brunswick and have an employee that is hard of hearing. She does wear a hearding aid but finds with the headsets it is often hard to hear. Is there a particular make of headset that you recommend that seems to be really good. We have tried some different ones, but she likes one that has 2 bug cushions that fit over her ears. Thanks.
2 weeks ago

Dr. Charles Laszlo answers:

Since people have many different requirements, matching hearing aids and headsets is best done by trial and error. If your employee prefers a headset with big cushions, that is likely because such cushions block out some of the inevitable noise at the workplace.

An alternate solution would be to use a 'magnetic loop' and the T-switch (if any) in your employee's hearing aid. To investigate such an arrangement, you may need to contact an audiologist for advice and specific details. This approach would replace the 'acoustic' listening with a 'magnetic' coupling between the telephone system and the hearing aid. Some technical issues are involved.

You are to be commended for making the effort to accommodate your hard of hearing employee the best way possible.
4 days ago


Vivian asks in regards to Hearing Aids:
Hi, I'm interested in getting information on how much Canadians spend on hearing aids per province. Could you advise where I can find this information? Thank you so much! Vivian.
1 month ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Hi Vivian:

I have asked around to find the answer to your question, and I have come up empty-handed. I even contacted the Canadian Auditory Equipment Association and they do not have this information. Presumably the provinces with the lowest subsidies spend the most, but I do not know this for certain.

Sorry about that!
1 week ago


Jackie Wright asks in regards to Noise:
Short form: Why are bars/bands/Djs not regulated more or policed more in how loud they play their music? It is so bad out there that the bar is no longer a safe envronment hearing wise. People are having their hearing damaged with no knowledge of it.

Background (long form): I have lived with my hearing impairment since the age of 6 mos. Caused by a fever which damaged nerve endings. My hearing has been stable for over 40 years. In past 3 years my husband and I took up ballroom dancing and we joined a group who attended the bar every friday night to practice. I wear hearing aides and would often turn them off to protect my hearing. Two years ago I noticed having more difficulty with hearing. Last year I spent over $10,000 to get a hearing system that will enable me to continue with our lifestyle. I'm fortunate in that I work in health care and make a good salary. Though I haven't yet paid it off.

I called WPHS and they will send a complaint to the Hotel. But they recommended I turn to provincical and national associations to ask what can be done about this? It has to change!

This is the reason for this question.
1 week ago

Gael Hannan answers:

Hi Jackie, thanks for writing. There is currently no legislation of which we are aware that says that nightclubs, etc. must cap noise at a certain decibel level. Such legislation has been tried in Europe, but it's very difficult to enforce. Unfortunately for those of us who are physically bothered by the excessively loud noise, there are more people who actually enjoy it! If it wasn't popular, clubs wouldn't be playing music that loudly.
But the problem is compounded by the large numbers of people in the club or bar, who are drinking alcohol and getting louder as a result. The music has to be heard over them...and it all escalates to body-shaking volume. Community groups and individuals do advocate for lower volumes in all public places and clubs and bars because of the threat of noise-induced hearing loss, but will be a long road to any meaningful legislation affecting establishments at the municipal level. That leaves you with only two or three options,unfortunately. The first is to avoid this bar or others like it. Because it sounds like a fun evening, however, taking out your hearing aids and then putting IN some earplugs is probably a good idea. Finally, I'm not sure where you are living, but please look up a CHHA branch or Chapter in your area and connect with them. A last note: you mention a $10,000 hearing 'system'- I am very curious as to what sort of system would carry such a high price tag? Do write again, or contact me at gdhannan@rogers.com to discuss more privately. Good luck.
1 week ago


Lawrence Huth asks in regards to Living with Hearing Loss:
WHAT can be accessed weith me I am on Disabi;lity pension but do not have the funds to purchase hearing equptment,,,,is there a fund available to me ? I do not have or can not afford Hearing Aides>>>>>
1 week ago

Gael Hannan answers:

Lawrence, if you could advise what province you live in, we could give you better direction. Thanks.
1 week ago


Steve asks in regards to Disability Tax Credit:
How do I find out if I qualify for the Tax Credit. I am 42 and have lived with hearing impairment my whole life. I was told early on that I didn't qualify because I wear hearing aids and can function quite well with them. However, I would like to look into it again.
1 week ago

Michael Currie answers:

Hi Steve,

Please download and print out this form from http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/E/pbg/tf/t2201/t2201-11e.pdf to take it to your audiologist or your family doctor. It is best to see an audiologist and they will help determine whether you qualify for it.

Michael
1 week ago


Patti asks in regards to Disability Tax Credit:
Hello, my son is 14 years old and I just got word that he is eligable for the disability tax credit. I know that this will be going back a few years so we will fill out the correct forms. My question is; If he would like to get a BAHA (which he has been talking to an audiologist about, would having this device implanted take away his "disability"? We know in reality it will never, but in regards to the taxes would it likely take him off the tax credit?
2 weeks ago

Michael Currie answers:

Hi Patti,

Please proceed to fill out the forms and file for the Disability Tax Credit. As for the BAHA, if he is eligible, I would suggest that he go for it. For there is no way of knowing for sure how successful he would be with it.

While many have great success with the BAHA, until he has adjust to it, he can continue to claim it as long as he has trouble hearing. If you could help us out by filling out the petition form, we hope things will change so he can continue to receive it even with the BAHA.
2 weeks ago


Margaret asks in regards to Assistive Listening Devices:
I have a customer looking for a listening device to wear to amplify sound for her mild hearing loss. Is this something she can get from an electronic store or a hearing aid provider?
2 weeks ago

Dr. Charles Laszlo answers:

Anybody who is experiencing hearing loss should have her or his condition assessed by a qualified professional. Audiologists will be able to tell your customer if there are signs of conditions that require medical intervention, or if not, what is the most appropriate technology to purchase.

While electronic devices for amplification are available in various forms from various suppliers, including electronics stores, professional assessment is recommended.
2 weeks ago


Judith Rubin asks in regards to Living with Hearing Loss:
I am looking for a device to assist me in understanding conversation, where the group is small and there is minimal background noise, such as at my book club or in a classroom situation. My hearing loss is, for the most part, moderately severee. I wear hearing aids with an FM switch. I currently own a Phonak system, which did help to a certain extent, but the system is now failing and seemingly cannot be repaired. Any help or advice would be appreciated.
3 weeks ago

Gael Hannan answers:

Hi Judith. Firstly, have you gone back to Phonak or your hearing aid provider to discuss how the system can be repaired or replaced? There are a number of technical solutions to your needs. Could you let me know where you live, so that I can refer you to a provider? Email me at gaelh@rogers.com
3 weeks ago


Jessica asks in regards to Science, Health and Industry:
I haven't seen my Doctor about my Tinnitus since it was diagnosed 16 years ago. At the time I was told there is nothing I can do to improve my hearing besides gurgling salt, avoiding eating salt, avoid smoking and creating ear pressure by plugging my nose and mouth. Is there any new science for people with Tinnitus, any new ways I can improve my hearing or provide relief? Thanks
1 month ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Hi Jessica:

I encourage you to check out the Tinnitus Association of Canada website:
http://www.kadis.com/ta/tinnitus.htm

as well as the American Tinnitus Association Website:
http://www.ata.org

They both provide a large amount of information on possible treatments for tinnitus.

With respect to improving your hearing, you should discuss your options with your local hearing health care professional. Many people with both hearing loss and tinnitus find that wearing the hearing aids provide them with relief from the tinnitus while they are wearing them.

Good luck!
3 weeks ago


Lorraine McDonald asks in regards to Telephone Issues:
My 93 year old mother is hearing-impaired & has an amplified phone that does not work very well. She has had it since 2005 & we are looking at upgrading to a new phone for her. Do you sell any telephone products? Thank you.
1 month ago

Dr. Charles Laszlo answers:

The Canadian Hard of Hearing Association does not sell or promote any specific product or device. We recommend that you search the Web for 'hard of hearing telephone' to get information on products that are available on the market.

Alternatively, you may contact one of the hard of hearing service agencies in your area. A list of service agencies may be found on the CHHA Website.

We recommend that you buy from sources that allow for return or exchange in case the phone that you selected does not work well for your mother.

1 month ago


Errol D. Seaward asks in regards to Cochlear Implants:
I've been told by an Audiologist I'm 9th on waiting list for an Assessment for candidacy for cochlear implant. My ENT Specialist's diagnosis of my problem is 'degenerative nerve disease'. If the cochlear nerve ceased to function, does that render me ineligible for an implant?
1 month ago

Betty Anderson answers:

I am not sure of the term "degenerative nerve disease" and whether this is the same as degenerative hearing loss which happens to many of us. In most cases this involves the auditory nerve. Many candidates for the CI have gradually lost their hearing and have still been eligible for a CI. It would be best if you discussed this with your audiologist or ENT doctor for more accurate information.
1 month ago


L. Zultek asks in regards to Legal Issues and Human Rights:
Who is responsible for providing and paying for real-time captioners during Toronto Community Council meetings and any other neighbourhood/ political meetings? I understand that, as of 1/1 2012, AODA indicates that accommodation procedures must be taken to include, not exclude, disabled individuals. Thank you.
1 month ago

Carole Willans answers:

The public service provider is responsible, in this case, the Toronto Community Council. You need to request it.
1 month ago


Ted Cairns asks in regards to Hearing Aids:
I have a pair of hearing aids on loan until March when I qualify for the subsidy but still can't afford the 5 or 6 thousand dollars that retailers want.
Is there a more reasonably priced hearing aid on the market?
1 month ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Hi Ted:

You did not mention where in Canada you live. However, regardless, you should be able to purchase excellent hearing aids for less than 5 or 6 thousand dollars for a pair. Ask your hearing health care professional about entry level digital hearing aids. All of the major hearing aid manufacturers produce entry level hearing aids that are of very good quality and retail for significantly less than mid or high end products. Providing loaner hearing aids is an excellent service, but do not be afraid to ask for hearing aids that are less expensive than what they are recommending. Less cost does not necessarily translate into poorer quality.

Good luck!


1 month ago


Al asks in regards to Hearing Aids:
Hi,

I lost my right ear as a result of an accident ten years ago. My audiologist pointed out that I cannot use any hearing aid because the inner ear was damaged. For some reason, my left ear is starting to loose its strength. Is there any hearing aid or any assistance for people like me especially with the inner ear problem? Thanks for your time and assistance.
1 month ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Hi:

If you have not already done so, I suggest you see a medical doctor to determine if there is a reason why you are losing your hearing.

Most (but not all) people who wear hearing aids actually have some inner ear damage. Sometimes the damage is so severe that the person cannot benefit from wearing a conventional hearing aid. However, when someone has no hearing on one side, and good hearing on the other side, they often benefit from using a CROS hearing aid. CROS stands for contralateral routing of signal. In this system, you wear a microphone on the "dead" side which transmits sound into a receiver that is worn on your good ear. You do not actually hear in your "dead" ear, but you will hear sound from that side of your head in your better ear. The sound is transmitted from one side of the head to the other using a radio signal. There is not a wire connecting the two sides together.

If you have no hearing in one ear, and are beginning to lose the hearing on your "good" side, you might be a candidate for a bicros hearing aid. Like a CROS hearing aid, you wear a microphone on your "dead" side but this time, the receiver on the better side of the head is also a hearing aid that is adjusted for the hearing loss.

You should ask your audiologist if you might be able to obtain a Bicros system on a trial basis. You might also be a candidate for a conventional hearing aid on your better ear.

Good luck!

1 month ago


Danielle asks in regards to Cochlear Implants:
Hi my name is Danielle McCaffrey and I'm a person with a cochlear implant. I am 22 years old. I have been looking for some kind of funding for replacement for my CI for 2 years and having no luck so far. Most of the funding goes for the children and below 18 years old. I'm in low income and can't really afford to pay for replacement as it is 10 grand. Also I'm a full time student in post-secondary. Is there any kind of funding you might be aware of that would help out? Please let me know and that would be very helpful.

Thanks,
Danielle
1 month ago

Betty Anderson answers:

Hi Danielle
The situation and available funding for implants does vary between provinces. However, if it is the "implant" itself that is not functioning, then it is possible that you can receive assistance from the company that provided the implant i.e. Cochlear, A.B., Med El, etc. This contact would be made through the clinic where you received your implant.

If it is the external processor that needs replacement, some provinces offer limited coverage through the health services program for rebuilt processors. It would be advisable to seek more specific information from the Clinic where you were implanted, if that is possible. If not, I would suggest you contact and arrange an appointment with a Cochlear Implant Clinic in your area where they can provide you with more information on what is possible in your province.
1 month ago


Jim Brown asks in regards to All Other Issues:
What information would you require to get assistance to help pay for hearing aids? My mother is in a nursing home and is left with $100.00 per month after paying for this care.
2 months ago

CHHA National answers:

Assistance for hearing aids depends on the province in which you reside. Please refer to the following document for more information: www.chha.ca/documents/Hearing_Aid_Subsidies_Across_Canada.pdf

If your mother is on any kind of government special assistance, she should check with her case worker to see if funding is available. She may also check with a local service agency for support such as the Lions or Elks.

Some hearing health care professionals will allow people to pay for the hearing aids in installments. Occasionally they will sell a previously owned hearing aid or an older model hearing aid at a significantly reduced price.

I hope this information helps.
1 month ago


Karen asks in regards to All Other Issues:
Hello

Can you please let me know if you offer lipreading programs in the evening or on weekends?

Thank you
2 months ago

CHHA National answers:

Speechreading or lipreading classes can be difficult to locate. In Toronto, you can contact either the Canadian Hearing Society at www.chs.ca, or contact our CHHA Board Member, Gael Hannan, at gdhannan@rogers.com (Gael expects to be starting a class in the New Year). Your audiologist may also be aware of speechreading classes in your area. Timing of these classes will vary so you will have to check with each individually to see if the classes are offered in the evenings or weekends.

CHHA also have one publication which may be of interest to you. "Sound Ideas" is an instructional DVD and manual designed to teach speechreading and improve communication skills of people with hearing loss. The eight-module video is the first of its kind in Canada, and is intended to be used for self-teaching or group instructional environments. This DVD has been recently updated with a new cover and more user-friendly digital menu that can be controlled with your DVD remote. Need to see more...for a limited time, a short video of Module 1 will be made available online (http://www.chha.ca/chha/publications-sound_ideas.php).

1 month ago


Ken Pelley asks in regards to Hearing Aids:
Hello,
I have been diagnosed with Meniere's Disease and now I have sudden hearing loss. I have two hearing aids. My question is are there new surgery and/or hearing aid technologies currently available that will help people in my situation?
Thanks
1 month ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Hi Ken:

Meniere's Disease is not really one of my areas of expertise, so I have asked Dr. Marshall Chasin, an audiologist to assist in this answer.

Meniere’s Disease is a collection of four symptoms- fluctuating hearing loss; a low pitched ringing in the ears; a feeling of fullness in the affected ear; and a spinning type of dizziness called vertigo. Most people with Meniere’s Disease are only affected in one ear, but about one in five have it in both ears.

There are treatments for Meniere’s Disease but no cure. Typically low salt diets are recommended and on occasion certain medications such as Serc. Both of these serve to reduce the fluid pressure in the inner ear thereby minimizing the chances of an attack of vertigo or a decrease in hearing. Surgical interventions involve a shunt that allows the excessive fluid to be drained from the inner ear. Such “endolymphatic shunt” surgery has had mixed results. Some patients benefit, some don't.

In 1994 an otolaryngologist named Dr. Silverman came up with a novel treatment which requires minor surgery. A myringotomy and tube are inserted in the eardrum (identical to the kind that is used for children who have unresolvable middle ear fluid). The patient is then provided with special ear drops that can be infused through the open tube in the eardrum and then the drops are absorbed through the round window of the cochlea (inner ear). These ear drops are “vestibulotoxic” meaning that they are toxic to the balance mechanism in the inner ear but they are not “ototoxic” so they have little effect on the hearing mechanism. This can be very useful for those sufferers of Meniere’s Disease who are extremely bothered by the vertigo.

And what about the “best hearing aid” for sufferers of Meniere’s Disease? Well, the short answer is that there is no one hearing aid that is better than any other, as long as it is set up properly by the hearing health care professional. Hearing aids for people with Meniere’s should be adjusted to make soft sounds louder, and just as importantly, make loud sounds softer, automatically.

However there are always limitations with all hearing aids. The best way to think about this is to imagine an expensive home stereo system but the loudspeakers have a tear in the speaker cones. Regardless of how good the stereo is, the sound will always be distorted to some degree. The ear is like your home stereo system and the damage to the inner ear is like a torn loudspeaker cone. Regardless of the type (or expense) of the hearing aid, there will always be some limitations.

I hope this helps!

1 month ago


Sonny Moran asks in regards to All Other Issues:
I have been medically diagnosed with having Meniere's Disease. Can you please tell me which non-profit organization deals with Meniere's Disease suffereres?

Thank you.
2 months ago

CHHA National answers:

Hi Sonny,
My name is Brian Marshall and I am the chiarman of the Meniere's?Tinnitus Resource Group of CHHA-Newfoundland and Labrador Chapter (CHHA-NL).I was diagnosed in 1996 with Meniere's Disease. I have learned a lot from group meetings and national conferences. Feel free to ask any questions and I will answer to the best of my ability.
You can contact me at brian.chha-nl@hotmail.com.

Cheers,
Brian
1 month ago


pauline power asks in regards to Hearing Aids:
Can you still get a hearing aid even if you have Tinnitus?
1 month ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Yes! As a matter of fact, many people who have ringing, buzzing or other noises in their ears (or in the middle of their head) find that wearing a hearing aid brings them relief from the tinnitus. In most cases, the hearing aid acts as a "masker" so the person cannot hear the noises while they are wearing the hearing aid. This means that when the hearing aid is taken off, they can hear the tinnitus again.

In a small percentage of cases, people actually get some time without any tinnitus after they take the hearing aid off. This relief can last from a few minutes to a few hours. The technical term for this is residual inhibition.

It is certainly worth a try!

1 month ago


Mel Brechin asks in regards to Hearing Aids:
I have recently been told that I need hearing aids. I there some place where I can read information on and compare different kinds of hearing aids by different manufacturers. Including prices, features, pros and cons of each?
2 months ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Hi Mel:

Unfortunately, there isn't a comprehensive list out there that compares different hearing aids. A good hearing health care professional will discuss different options with you.

Most hearing aids today are digital, and most hearing aid manufacturers carry all styles of hearing aids. Each manufacturer usually offers "entry level", "mid level" and "premium" or advanced level products. The level you chose will largely depend on your budget, but also your type of hearing loss and your listening needs. In many cases, the entry level products provide excellent quality sound at a reasonable cost. Beware of falling into the trap that more expensive necessarily means better sound quality. Ask why a particular product is being recommended for you, and whether there is a similar product available at a lower cost. Hearing aids that have remote controls are typically more expensive. If you don't want or need a remote control, don't get one! You should not feel pressured to buy the "best" hearing aid on the market, because there isn't one product out there that is best for everyone and superior to all else. As well, there isn't a hearing aid that cuts out ALL background noise and will make you hear perfectly in EVERY situation. It just doesn't exist. Hearing aids today are good. But they still have limitations.

The smaller hearing aids have higher cosmetic appeal for many people, but keep in mind that smaller hearing aids have smaller batteries. If you have vision or manual dexterity issues, you may want to opt for a larger style. Hearing aids of all styles can be programmed to fit the vast majority of hearing losses. (Of course there are always exceptions.)

I wish I could give you more specific information. You need to discuss your listening needs with a hearing health care professional that takes time to discuss options with you and answer your questions.

I wish you the best of luck on your journey to becoming a happy hearing aid user!




2 months ago


Shelley Locke asks in regards to All Other Issues:
I have profound hearing loss and wear hearing aids. I'm an Administrative Assistant at a company with hearing individuals and what I hearing I have left is progressively getting worse. I recognize this and accept it for what it is. For a little while now a few co-workers will shush me for talking too loud at the beginning of a conversation. I naturally speak louder than others for the obvious reason plus I'm naturally happy and excited when I'm sharing something. The co-worker will raise their hand up in the air and motion for me to lower my voice while I am speaking. I find this act offensive and demeaning. Please tell me if I am over reacting??
Thanks Shelley
2 months ago

Gael Hannan answers:

Hi Shelley, I understand the emotions you feel when someone indicates you are talking too loudly; this happens frequently with people, including me, who have hearing loss and who sometimes can't hear the level of their voice. However, if I'm talking too loudly, I want to know, as it's painful on the ears of others and draws unnecessary attention to myself and my conversation with friends or co-workers which isn't intended for anyone else. A solution would be to explain to your co-workers that it's not always easy to hear the volume of our own voices, and to arrange a subtle signal to indicate that you could lower your voice a bit. They don't mean to be offensive, and you can help them to be more tactful and understanding. I hope this helps. Gael Hannan
2 months ago


Kimberly asks in regards to All Other Issues:
I am having an issues with my boss who is always being mean to me cus I am hearing impaired and he isn't treating me right and I feel I am not fit for this job etc...need a lot of help how to tell my boss about my hearing impaired so he will realizes...
2 months ago

Cindy Gordon answers:

Hi Kimberly, The actual best time to tell an employer about your hearing loss and your communication needs is during the interview. However, this opportunity has passed for you. While you don't say what the problems are and how long you have been working there, the best advice I can offer you is a sit down with your boss. The boss needs to understand how you need to communicate effectively and only you can teach him this. You will need to offer practical advice and be confident that you will be able to do your job better if there is a clear understanding of your needs.
Perhaps you are in need of a few modifications or devices as well to help you do your job. Please go online and do some research into this if you are unaware of devices that can help you and ask CHHA national to send you out one of their Working with Hearing Loss handbooks to help you with this whole process!
Cindy Gordon-CHHA-Edmonton
2 months ago


TerryHeacock asks in regards to Hearing Aids:
When I first bought my first hearing I put in a claim with WSIB got frustrated and ended paying for it myself. That was 1985, my aid is a little obsolete and my hearing is getting worst, I do read lips and am able to have very little trouble communicating on a one on one situation. Trouble is most conversation there is more than one party and you cannot always see their lips. I got a new test and tested a pair of hearing aids for 1 week sound was unbelievable but the aids required removal of battery to shut down not always convenient. While I found prices really high $ to 5000 for pair, I called numerous fitters and found all pricing almost a fixed rated rate plus or minus $50. The hearing test is supposed to be covered by Ontario however it looks like they charge too even though it's called something else.
They offer 3 year warranty but on inspection of quote they charge for this. The aid prices are about $1100 to $1300 for each which would be$2600 for both fees are about $2400.
This seems like a lot. What gives with the fee's initial setup and fitting took less than 1 hour for both ears.
2 months ago

Dr. Joanne Deluzio answers:

Hi Terry:

I am not really sure what you are asking, but I will do my best to answer.

In Ontario, the Assistive Devices dispensing fee is currently $800.00/hearing aid. Fitting a hearing aid usually entails follow-up programming appointments to "fine-tune" the device.

The Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) covers the cost of hearing testing for an adult if they are tested by someone who is affiliated with a medical professional, such as an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist. Private clinics can essentially charge what they please.

You are certainly not obligated to purchase an extended warranty for a hearing aid that you purchase, although many people find they are worth the extra amount.

I think it is probably not too late for you to file a WSIB claim. If your hearing loss was caused by noise exposure, then WSIB will pay for the hearing aids. The process may appear lengthy, but it is the same for everyone.

I hope this helps!

2 months ago


Renee asks in regards to Living with Hearing Loss:
I have a hearing impairment. It is congenital hearing loss, making it difficult to hear people in loud noise situations, and distinguish speech from noise in these situations. I am in the teaching profession, and facing dismissal. Is there any protection for hearing disabled people in my situation? Pension? disability?
I have been removed from the supply list, and can't make a living teaching anymore.
I am concerned that no one in the working field will hire me, and wondering if you can guide me through procedures that might help.
2 months ago

Cindy Gordon answers:

Hi Renee, While this type of a hearing loss does pose some difficulty in a noisy environment like a classroom there are ways around modifying a room or changing the size and type of a classroom you teach in. First I would look to your teachers union, they should be providing support for you either by helping to make accommodations OR by giving you a disability leave or pension if you are not able to go back. You should be protected by your teachers union! This could also be a human rights case if they do not provide you with this.
Hope this helps, good luck!
Cindy Gordon
CHHA-Edmonton President
2 months ago